Code of Ethics
THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF HYPNOSIS
Ratified August, 1979*
The International Society of Hypnosis (ISH) is
dedicated to the scientific investigation and clinical utilization
of hypnosis at the highest professional level. Ethical guidelines to
which a member must subscribe are stated to allow for the
multidisciplinary nature of the membership. There is implied a
personal commitment to behave according to high standards of
personal and professional conduct.
SECTION A: ETHICAL GUIDELINES
Guideline 1
1. A member of ISH shall always place first the
welfare of the patient or the experimental subject when using
hypnosis or hypnotic techniques in clinical practice or in
experimentation.
- The standards of professional relationships
which guide the physician, dentist, psychologist (with doctoral
degree), or other defined professional worker, within the
appropriate professional or scientific field, shall prevail in
his or her use of all hypnotic techniques.
- Proper safeguards shall be maintained whenever
a patient or subject is exposed to unusual stress or other form
of risk. If stress or risk is involved, the person or subject
should be informed give consent. Estimation of risk is a
difficult matter, and when in doubt the practitioner should
consult with professional colleagues.
Guideline 2
2. Hypnosis is considered an adjuvant to other forms
of scientific or clinical endeavors, so that competence in hypnotic
techniques alone is not acceptable as a basis for professional
service or research.
- In view of the dependence of hypnotic practice
upon other qualifications the membership requirements of ISH
require proper standing in the recognized national organizations,
whether clinical or scientific, appropriate to the field of
competence not represented by hypnosis. That is, a medical
doctor is expected to belong to the appropriate medical
association, a dentist to the appropriate dental association, a
psychologist to the appropriate psychological associations, and
so on.
- Item 2a requires acceptance of the ethical and
scientific standards of a responsible professional organization.
It does not imply endorsement by ISH of the particular policies
or practices of any particular organization.
Guideline 3
3. East member of ISH shall limit the clinical and
scientific use of hypnosis to the area of competence as defined by
the professional standards of his or her field.
Guideline 4
4. Hypnosis should not be used as a form of
entertainment. (a) No member of ISH shall offer services for the
purposes of public entertainment or collaborate with any person or
agency engaged in public entertainment.
Guideline 5
5. A member of ISH shall not support the practice of
hypnosis by lay persons.
- A lay person is defined here as one who is not
a member in good standing of a therapeutic or scientific
profession; that is, he or she is not a physician, dentist,
psychologist, or member of another recognized therapeutic or
scientific profession with credentials in addition to competence
as a hypnotic practitioner.
- A member of ISH shall not give courses
involving the teaching of hypnotic techniques to lay individuals
who lack training in a relevant science or profession. Lectures
informing lay individuals about hypnosis are of course
admissable providing they do not include demonstrations or
didactic material involving inducting of hypnosis.
- Exceptions are made to students in training in
the appropriate sciences or professions. While ISH explicitly
recognizes that hypnosis is not an indepedent science or art,
the technique may appropriately be utilized by nurses or
paramedical assistants under the immediate and direct
supervision of an individual whose credentials and training
would permit membership in ISH and who has an agreed commitment
to this Code of Ethics either directly or through a National
Constitutent Society. Special arrangements can be made for the
training of such nurses or paramedical personnel provided that
arrangements have been made for such individuals to work
directly under the supervision of an ISH member or the
equivalently trained professional as outlined.
- Consultations with lay representatives of the
press or other media of communication are permitted to minimize
distortions or misrepresentations of hypnosis. Talks with lay
representatives of the press and radio or TV appearances are
welcomed so long as these benefit the Society from wise and
informed views on issues in hypnosis.
Guideline 6
6. It is recognized that
an ethical code cannot by its very nature specify all of the
practices that are considered ethical and mention all of those
considered unethical. Hence behavior in accordance with the ethical
norms of the nations in which the professional worker or scientist
lives are taken for granted, and violation of these norms (e.g.,
through illegal behavior, or discordant behavior that brings
disrepture upon others who practice hypnosis), may be the occasion
for adverse action by the ISH, even though not specified in this
code.